LL-37 vs KPV

A human antimicrobial peptide produced by neutrophils and epithelial cells. Active against bacteria, fungi, viruses and biofilms. The leading antimicrobial-peptide candidate for clinical translation.

A short three-amino-acid peptide derived from α-MSH. Potent anti-inflammatory, most used for gut inflammation, mast cell activation, and autoimmune flares.

LL-37 disrupts microbial membranes through electrostatic interaction with negatively charged bacterial lipids. Also modulates the innate immune response and chemotaxis.

KPV inhibits NF-κB signalling and reduces pro-inflammatory cytokine production (TNF-α, IL-6). Unlike systemic immunosuppressants, it modulates inflammation without broad immunosuppression.

100–500 mcg daily (research protocols)

500 mcg – 1 mg daily (oral or subcutaneous)

Short — typically dosed daily

Not well characterised

Subcutaneous, Topical

Oral, Subcutaneous

research-only

research-only

Not yet listed

£80 · £5.3/mg via My-Peptides