Retatrutide vs MOTS-c

A triple agonist of GIP, GLP-1, and glucagon receptors in late-stage clinical trials, producing ~24% weight loss at 48 weeks in Phase 2 — the largest effect size of any weight-loss pharmaceutical to date.

A 16-amino-acid mitochondrial-derived peptide encoded within the 12S rRNA gene, with research interest in metabolic regulation, insulin sensitivity, and exercise capacity.

Retatrutide simultaneously activates three incretin/metabolic receptors. The addition of glucagon agonism is thought to increase energy expenditure, complementing the appetite suppression driven by GIP and GLP-1.

MOTS-c moves between mitochondria, cytosol, and nucleus depending on metabolic state. It activates AMPK, improves glucose uptake, and regulates nuclear gene expression related to metabolic homeostasis. Circulating MOTS-c declines with age.

Phase 2 used 1–12 mg weekly; optimal dose pending Phase 3

5–10 mg, 1–3 times per week (research protocols)

~6 days

~3 hours

Subcutaneous once weekly

Subcutaneous

investigational

investigational

Not yet listed

£30 · £3.0/mg via Peptides UK